Controlling Your Computer with a Programming
Language
In a previous article, we introduced automating some tasks with MS-DOS batch files. In this article, we're going to introduce
programming
and describe how it can be used to control the way your computer works. Normally, computer novices aren't interested in controlling the computer. New computer users are typically interested in learning more about how the thing works. However they may be surprised to learn that
programming
increases computer knowledge as a whole and it can help to diminish the fear associated with using a new computer.
Programming
a computer is creating a sequence of instructions that enable the computer to do something.1 The people who
program
computers (called programmers) use a
programming
language to communicate with a computer. You might have heard of some of these languages in the past such as Visual Basic, C++, or Fortran. There are hundreds of other
programming
language and neither one is better than the other. Most of them are capable of performing the same tasks and achieving the same goals. A
programmer
chooses one language by a simple preference.
Each of these languages differ by the way they communicate with a computer however, and the commands that they follow are very specific. Not a single command of one language can be interchanged with the commands or language of another. But all of them can be used to control a computer.
Now it would be impossible to teach you how to program
any language in a single article. But we can still introduce you to some of programming's most basic concepts - starting with the commands we talked about earlier. Commands are the instructions that a computer follows to perform an action. 2 To make them work inside of a
program,
programmers
assign commands to objects like buttons for example.
The commands in a program
are pretty useless unless they have some data to act on so programmers
either give the programs
some data to work with (list of names or numbers for example) or they make the program generate it's own data. Sometimes, the data comes from an outside source like the Internet or the computer that the program runs on. The data that a program receives is called input and data that the
program
generates is called output.
Other times, the data is unknown. If the program
were working with a simple algebra equation like, "x + 5 = y," the variables "x" and "y" would be unknown pieces of data. Or if a
program
were to calculate a date "x" days from now, the variable "x" would be an unknown piece of data until we tell the
program
what "x" is. In programming, it's sometimes required to work with unknown pieces of data.
That's when conditions come in handy. Conditions allow a program
to perform an action based on the outcome of a previous command.3 Using this type of instruction, we could instruct a
program
to do one thing if the "x" variable in our latter example turned out to be 7 days, and then do different thing if the variable turned out to be 3 days.
Commands, data, variables, and conditions help build the most simple programs
and there are certainly many more components of any programming
language. But when they're typed into a programming
language and compiled to create a an executable file (a file ending with the .exe extension), they turn into a software application.
As we mentioned earlier, you can use a programming
language to control your computer. By using simple commands, you can program
your computer to perform mathematical tasks, fill out web forms, compose an email message and send it off, or any number of other things. If you're interested, you may find Visual Basic is one of the most easiest
programming
languages to learn. Visual Basic is an object-oriented programming
language and it automatically codes much of a program
the minute a programmer
drags a button onto a screen.
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